Friday, October 24, 2014

10 best-paying jobs that don’t require a college degree


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As the cost of attending college increases each year, some high school graduates may wonder how well they could do without a college degree. While occupations that only require a high school diploma are often low-paying jobs, several pay well above the median wage. To identify the highest-paying jobs you can get with a high-school diploma, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed wage and employment data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ 2013 Occupational Employment Statistics database and job descriptions from the Occupational Outlook Handbook. The jobs that made the list had a median annual salary of at least $60,000 and did not require formal education beyond a high school diploma, according to the BLS. Forecasts for job growth between 2012 and 2022 are from the bureau’s Employment Projections program. 24/7 Wall St. also reviewed job descriptions from O*Net Online database, developed by the Department of Labor. Jobs that were too similar, or which had a high percentage of self-employed workers, were excluded. From 24/7 Wall St., these are these are the highest paying jobs for high school graduates:
The Hess Gas Plant in Tioga, N.D.
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10. Gas plant operators
Median annual income: $63,680
Total number employed: 13,890
Projected change 2012 to 2022: -8.8%
Gas plant operators process and distribute gas for utility companies. Cheap, abundant natural gas is likely to provide some demand for gas plant operators, even as jobs at power plants are projected to fall. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) forecasts that in the coming decades natural gas will exceed coal as the nation’s leading source of electricity. The work of plant operators can be dangerous and stressful, which may explain the relatively high median salary of $63,680 as of 2012. However, with such a high median pay, gas plant operation is one of the better-paying jobs people can take on with a high school diploma.
Workers make repairs to power lines after a series of tornadoes in El Reno, Okla. in 2013.
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9. Electrical power-line installers and repairers
Median annual income: $64,170
Total number employed: 111,350
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +8.9%
Each year, homes across the U.S. are hit hard by natural disasters that leave areas without power or phone service for hours or days at a time. Responsibility for fixing damaged wires falls on the roughly 111,000 electrical power-line installers and repairers in the country. In fact, the BLS cites challenging weather conditions as one reason for the high median salary of such workers. More frequent storms in recent years likely influenced estimates of future job growth in this area, which is expected to increase by nearly 9% between 2012 and 2022. Employers offer extensive training programs to prospective employees, which act as a substitute for tertiary education. Nonetheless, employers expect their workers to have a basic knowledge of algebra and trigonometry.
U.S. Postal worker Sukhwant Dhillon moves cartons of sorted mail at the U.S. post office sort center in San Francisco.
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8. Postmasters and mail superintendents
Median annual income: $65,150
Total number employed: 17,930
Projected change 2012 to 2022: -24.2%
Postmasters and mail superintendents manage and coordinate the activities of postal workers. A typical postmaster or superintendent made over $65,000 in 2013, and the top-paid 10% took home $84,900 or more. However, postal service jobs in general are expected to decline considerably between 2012 and 2022. In all, employment in postal service jobs is expected to drop by 139,100, or 28%.
A Union Pacific freight train carries goods east near of Palm Springs, Calif.
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7. Transportation inspectors
Median annual income: $65,950
Total number employed: 23,970
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +11.2%
Transportation inspectors work in industries such as rail transportation, air transport and urban transit systems. Workers in these occupations mostly inspect equipment to ensure that both people and cargo are transported safely. Like many of the jobs on this list, on-the-job training takes the place of formal education. The median salary for transportation inspectors in 2013 was nearly $66,000, with higher-end pay for workers reaching above $112,690.
Harrah's Las Vegas Hotel and Casino Las Vegas.
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6. Gaming managers
Median annual income: $66,200
Total number employed: 4,460
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +7.5%
According to a recent Scotiabank report, the U.S. gaming sector has grown at a relatively slow pace compared with the rest of the world in recent years. Still, the gaming and casino industry is extremely large. The industry employed more than 363,000 people in 2012, according to the American Gaming Association. Gaming managers made up about 4,460 employees in the sector as of last year. Gaming managers direct and oversee the gaming operations within a casino. They often have several years of experience working the slots or table games for a lower pay. Although they must be licensed by a state or regulatory agency, gaming managers typically do not need a degree above a high school diploma to make more than $66,000 annually.
An operator at American Electric Power's Mountaineer coal power plant in New Haven, West Virginia, works in the control room for the plant's carbon capture facility.
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5. Power plant operators
Median annual income: $68,100
Total number employed: 39,810
Projected change 2012 to 2022: -10.8%
Power plant operators earned a median pay of $68,100 in 2013 managing the systems that distribute and generate electric power over an area. Although workers with college or vocational degrees are preferred, only a high school diploma is necessary because the operator undergoes extensive on-the-job training both in the classroom and the plant. Operators often work in shifts because power plants operate around the clock. It is likely that pay for this position is high due to the negative aspects of working variable hours, especially late night shifts.
An airline pilot walks through the terminal at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Arlington, Va.
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4. Commercial pilots
Median annual income: $74,470
Total number employed: 37,340
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +9.4%
Despite larger airline companies often requiring a bachelor’s degree, smaller companies that offer planes for charter, photos or tours are often eager to hire licensed pilots who have logged the requisite number of hours. To obtain a flying license from the Federal Aviation Administration also requires medical, written and flight exams. Future pilots can gain experience by going to flight school or by hiring independent instructors. The BLS anticipates that the number of commercial pilots will increase 9% by 2022, making it one of the faster growing jobs on this list. A typically commercial pilot earned nearly $75,000 in 2013, with the top 10% of pilots bringing in more than $136,000.
A Boston Police detective searches a crime scene for suspicious material.
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3. Detectives and criminal investigators
Median annual income: $76,730
Total number employed: 109,960
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +2.0%
Detectives typically begin their careers as police officers. Becoming a police officer usually involves physical exams, a written test and a drug test, in addition to training at a policy academy. While many police officers and detectives have a college degree, the minimum educational requirement is a high school diploma. For those who are able to become detectives and criminal investigators, the pay is often quite high. The median annual income in the profession was $76,730 in 2013, and the top-paid 10% earned more than $125,000.
A typical installer or repairer earned more than $78,000 in 2013.
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2. Elevator installers and repairers
Median annual income: $78,640
Total number employed: 21,270
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +24.6%
Elevator installers and repairers do not need a bachelor’s or associate degree. However, they do need years of apprenticeship. As part of the five-year program to become an elevator installer and repairer, every year apprentices “must have at least 144 hours of related technical instruction and 2,000 hours of paid on-the-job training,” the BLS notes. In that time, apprentices study electrical theory, math and physics, among other subjects. The majority of states also require licensing. Workers who complete these requirements are well compensated. A typical installer or repairer earned more than $78,000 in 2013, and some earned more than $100,000.
A high level of management skill is required to plan and direct warehousing and shipping logistics.
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1. Transportation, storage and distribution managers
Median annual income: $83,890
Total number employed: 102,610
Projected change 2012 to 2022: +4.9%
Transportation, storage and distribution managers are responsible for much of the infrastructure that businesses rely on to ship goods domestically and internationally. The shipping and storage industry is very important for global trade and commerce. A high level of management skill is required to plan and direct the logistics involved around warehousing and shipping. Even though a minimum requirement for this job is a high school diploma, most people holding this title have a bachelor’s degree. However, for those able to land the job, the pay is quite high. The annual median wage is more than $83,890, and for some, notably in oil transportation, annual pay can exceed $140,000.

Saturday, October 18, 2014

5 Tips to Write a College Essay that Hooks Your Reader

You sit on your bed, at your desk and in the library wondering where to begin your college essay. It’s not like there’s a Google map showing you how to go from here to there. How do you dig through seventeen years of experiences and select the one that shares your voice, your vision, your passion?
Was it when you sat behind Grandpa’s dented old Buick the day you got your license, or the time you figured out how to rig your book to the shower door without getting it soggy so you could finish the last chapter of Fat Angie before bed? Or are those not what they are looking for?
Panic sets in. You take another look down memory lane. You haven’t climbed Kilimanjaro, landed in the Guinness Book of World Records, or won a championship in anything. You realize nothing big has happened to you. So, what are you going to write that an admissions officer wants to read?
Unstick from that blank screen, sit back and read these tips. I promise, your life is filled with wonderful stories to share.

5 Tips to Write a College Essay that Hooks Your Reader

Tip 1: Narrow Your Lens
Think small. Forget the time you tossed the buzzer-beater to win the championship basketball game. Write about a unique sliver in time. Slow down your story and share the moment you felt the synchronicity of your crew team as your oar skimmed the water, the time you watched your first model rocket launch from the backyard swing set with your big brother or the morning you sat in the rain, on purpose. It’s the small moments that can make big statements about who you really are.
Tip 2: Start with a First-Person Story
Try starting your essay with a story written in first-person narrative. Bring your reader into your story. Share the details and emotions of that moment. Talk about the clouds in the sky as your rocket flew past the tops of the pines and wound around the edge of the forest. Write like you’re directing a scene and the story is the main character.
Tip 3: Use your Senses
Nothing grabs a reader like details. Use your senses to tell the tale. What did the moment feel like? Look like? Sound like? Taste like? Let your senses be your guide. Think about the panic that rolled down your back and up your spine when you realized that you had buried your little brother’s favorite toy trucks somewhere on Mayflower Beach, but had no idea where.
Tip 4: Add Adjectives
Dig deep and describe your moment. Is Grandpa’s old car littered with gum wrappers? Does it smell like Old Spice? Do your legs stick to the seat from those peanut butter sandwiches he always eats? Again, you connect with your reader when you are able to convey the wonderful details of your story.
Tip 5: Emotionally Connect
Share your story in a thoughtful, honest and meaningful way. Any time you speak authentically from your heart, readers engage. People respect and connect to honest emotion.
Before you write, really think about the sentiment of the moment. Were you lonely in a gym filled with kids? Did standing at the podium feel like an itchy sweater on a hot afternoon in Boston? Allow yourself to convey the sentiments that will let the reader understand something about you that is not evident from your transcript or your activities resume.

Sunday, October 12, 2014

Have a college fair plan (and plan to go!)

College fair plan
With so many people and so much information, it is easy to become overwhelmed. A little preparation can make a big difference.
  1. Consider the options before diving in. If preregistration is available, do so and review materials for options. Seminars are often given at a specific time so check the schedule upon arrival. If students have a college list, visit those on it first. Plan to take longer than expected. Lines can grow long and fast, so arrive early for best chance to meet and speak with college reps. Don’t dismiss schools without lines. They may turn out to be hidden gems.
  2. Information sources have their own agenda. College representatives use college fairs as marketing opportunities to encourage interest in their institution. They distribute information via brochures and other items to attract attention, meet prospective students, and encourage them to visit and apply for admission. Students can use this to their advantage by getting the rep’s contact information. Follow-up with questions in a quieter and more personalized setting.
  3. Students and parents should set their agenda. Students attending college fairs include high school sophomores, juniors and seniors but each are in a different phase of the college search process. For those first starting, use the fair to get educated about higher education. Sit in on seminars, visit college booths and gather college brochures to review at home. Students who have already researched schools can use the fair to find answers to questions not contained in written info and college websites. Speak with college staff, many of whom attended the school they represent, for insider tips about the campus, surrounding area, programs and internships. Students ready to apply can focus on college comparisons and unique opportunities that will help students grow, thrive and be best prepared for graduate school or careers.
  4. Parents can help their student. College representatives are interested in speaking with prospective students but many get tongue-tied. Have a conversation to brainstorm questions to ask and an elevator speech the student can use to introduce himself. Step back to let the student hone some independence and leadership skills to vest herself in the college process. Attend seminars for the first time or as a refresher to get updated information because both the admission and financial aid processes can change at any time.

Wednesday, October 8, 2014

Viewbooks only provide a glimpse into colleges

College-bound students receive a lot of mail from colleges. Students and families may think these materials are just a good way to learn more about colleges, and that is partly correct. However, the viewbooks and publications students receive in the mail or pick up at college fairs are also marketing materials. Colleges and universities spend tens of thousands of dollars to produce, print and mail these items to prospective students.
The majority of college publications will have a few things in common. They will:
  • Provide general information about the institution, including majors, location, admission requirements, cost of attendance and financial aid information.
  • Present beautiful pictures of the college campus, usually showing the best weather the area has to offer.
  • Show attractive students smiling at the camera and/or in deep discussion with other students or professors.
  • Have catchy or inspirational phrases and themes used throughout the publication.
  • Describe the location and all of the advantages the location offers students.
Most of the publications will be beautiful and eye-catching. They will boast about the institution and will make the reader want to attend. There will be no negative descriptions of the college. When looking at college publications, most people do not relate them to other advertisements that come in the mail. They are very similar to the catalogs that big corporations produce for consumers. The whole idea behind any marketing publications is to sell a product. In the case of colleges, the publications are trying to sell a four-year college degree and the experience that goes along with it. Much time, energy, and money goes into producing beautiful publications to wow prospective students and make them want to attend the institutions.
College viewbooks are beautiful and will make any college look great and give the feeling it is a wonderful place to attend. While all colleges have something special to offer students, they might not be the right fit for each student. College publications, websites, and any marketing materials will not tell students everything about a college. More importantly, although they do a great job of showing what the campus community is like, marketing materials cannot give students an understanding of how they will feel on campus.
Students should reach out to colleges and get viewbooks and publications from colleges they are considering. They provide a lot of information and can answer questions students may have as they are researching college options. In addition, signing up for college mailing lists lets colleges know students are interested and may provide information that is not available in the general publications or the website. However, as students dig deeper into the college search, they should visit colleges they are seriously considering. A college visit is the only way a student can get the full feeling of what the campus community is like and how they will feel on campus. Students should test drive colleges they are considering just as they would when purchasing a car. It is the only way to make sure students are making the right decision when making this large decision that will amount to a large purchase.
The next time those college publications come in the mail, remember they are marketing materials. Students should use them to education themselves about the colleges, but understand they will not give all of the answers students need. Viewing college viewbooks is a lot like window-shopping; students will only see what the colleges want them to see. After window-shopping and narrowing down what they like and dislike, students should move on to testing out the colleges for themselves by visiting the campus. The college visit is the best way to try the college out to make sure they feel it is a good fit for them.

Tuesday, October 7, 2014

Colleges That Meet 100% of Financial Need

Re-posted from: http://www.thecollegesolution.com/colleges-that-meet-100-of-financial-need/
If your family will need to depend on financial aid to attend college, your best bet is to find a school that will offer an excellent financial aid package to your child.
A handy way to assess the generosity of any school is to look at the percentage of demonstrated financial need it typically meets for its students.
Teenagers, who earn an acceptance into a school that meets 100% of need, can end up winning the educational equivalent of the lottery. Whether it will be a great deal will largely depend on how a particular school calculates financial need.

 Colleges and Universities That Meet 100% of Need

To make the search easier, here are the schools that I know of that say that they meet 100% of demonstrated financial need for all or the majority of its students. If you are aware of others, please let me know in the comment box below.
Also on this list I included schools, which I boldfaced, that meet at least 94% of need for the majority of its students.
  1. Amherst College (MA)
  2. Barnard College (NY)
  3. Bates College (ME)
  4. Boston College (MA)
  5. Brown University (RI)
  6. Bryn Mawr College (PA)
  7. Bowdoin College (ME)
  8. Bucknell University (PA)
  9. California Institute of Technology
  10. Carleton College (MN)
  11. Claremont McKenna College (CA)
  12. Clark University (MA)
  13. Colby College (ME)
  14. Colgate University (NY)
  15. College of the Holy Cross (MA)
  16. College of Wooster (OH)
  17. Colorado College (CO)
  18. Columbia University (NY)
  19. Connecticut College (CT)
  20. Cornell University (NY)
  21. Davidson College (NC)
  22. Denison University (OH)
  23. Dickinson College (PA)
  24. Duke University (NC)
  25. Dartmouth College (NH)
  26. Emory University (GA)
  27. Franklin and Marshall College (PA)
  28. Franklin W. Olin College
  29. Georgetown University (DC)
  30. Gettysburg College (PA)
  31. Grinnell College (IA)
  32. Hamilton College (NY)
  33. Harvey Mudd College (CA)
  34. Haverford College (PA)
  35. Harvard University (MA)
  36. Johns Hopkins University (MD)
  37. Kenyon College (OH)
  38. Lafayette College (PA)
  39. Lehigh University (PA)
  40. Macalester College (MN)
  41. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MA)
  42. Middlebury College (VT)
  43. Mount Holyoke College (MA)
  44. Northwestern University (IL)
  45. Oberlin College (OH)
  46. Occidental College (CA)
  47. Pitzer College (CA)
  48. Pomona College (CA)
  49. Princeton University (NJ)
  50. Reed College (OR)
  51. Rice University (TX)
  52. Saint John’s College (NM)
  53. Saint Olaf College (MN)
  54. Scripps College (CA)
  55. Sewanee: The University of the South (TN)
  56. Smith College (MA)
  57. Stanford University (CA)
  58. Swarthmore College (NY)
  59. Thomas Aquinas College (CA)
  60. Trinity College (CT)
  61. Tufts University (MA)
  62. Tulane University (LA)
  63. Union College (NY)
  64. University of Chicago (IL)
  65. University of Notre Dame (IN)
  66. University of Pennsylvania (PA)
  67. University of Richmond (VA)
  68. University of Rochester (NY)
  69. University of Southern California
  70. Vanderbilt University (TN)
  71. Vassar College (NY)
  72. Wabash College (IN)
  73. Wake Forest University (NC)
  74. Washington and Lee University (VA)
  75. Washington University, St. Louis, (MO)
  76. Wellesley College (MA)
  77. Wesleyan University (MA)
  78. Williams College (MA)
  79. Wheaton College (MA)
  80. Yale University (CT)

Generous Colleges

What you’ll notice about the above list is that the schools are highly selective. Many of these schools can provide 100% of need because they are wealthier with bigger endowments than their peers, but also because the majority of students who attend these schools are typically high income. With the wealthy children paying the sticker price or getting a modest merit scholarship, this generates more money for financial aid.

How Percentage of Need Met Works…

Let’s say the financial aid formula says your family can afford to pay $15,000 for one year of college. (That’s represented by your Expected Family Contribution.) Your child gets into a $50,000 school that promises to meet 100% of its students’ financial need.  That means the school will provide $35,000 in aid.
Schools will look for outside help first to build that $35,000 package. If the child qualifies for the federal Pell Grant for low-income students and an applicable state grant, that will be put into the package first. Nearly all schools also put a federal direct loan (formally known at the Stafford) into the package. The maximum direct loan limit for a freshman is $5,500. After that the school would kick in its own institutional money.
In this case, let’s assume the child doesn’t qualify for any state or federal grants at a school that meets 100% of need.
$50,000 Cost of Attendance
Minus            $15,000 Expected Family Contribution
Aid                 $35,000
After the federal direct loan is subtracted, the family would get nearly $30,000 in grants/scholarships (free money) to attend this school. Some of the most elite schools won’t put in a federal Loan.
In contrast, the majority of schools in this country would “gap” this student. A school might provide just $10,000 or $15,000 or $20,000 or even $0 dollars to meet this child’s need.

Definition of Need

The financial aid packages will vary based on the underlying aid formula that each school uses. Schools that use the CSS/Financial Aid PROFILE (about 260 schools – nearly all private) can modify the standard aid formula in a variety of different ways. The school, for instance, can vary in how it assesses home equity, business assets, divorce and much more. Here is a recent post that I wrote about how schools vary in how they treat home equity:
You can obtain the percentage-of-financial-need-met figures by heading to the College Board. I wrote the following blog post last year that explains how to generate these figures:

Bottom Line:

If your family will need significant financial aid, it’s important that your child be the best student possible so that he or she will be more likely to qualify for the caliber of schools that are generous.

Friday, October 3, 2014

College Application Essay Tips Students Need Now

No matter the essay prompt, tell college admissions staff a story that reveals who you are.

Re-posted from: http://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/college-admissions-playbook/2014/09/29/college-application-essay-tips-students-need-now
With college application season comes the pressure to produce high-quality admissions essays. Make no mistake – regardless of the wording of the question, virtually all admissions essays are truly asking, "Who are you?" Secondarily, they allow college or university admissions staff members to assess your ability to form a coherent narrative.
Here are several tips to help you address some actual admissions essay prompts faced by the class of 2015, as well as those of your own prospective colleges.
• The Common Application: "Describe a place or environment where you are perfectly content. What do you do or experience there, and why is it meaningful to you?"
The admissions committee is not seeking travel suggestions here. Rather, this question is meant to provide insight into your passions.
Draft an opening sentence that is descriptive, and allow your reader to envision you at that perfect moment. Ensure you address the second part of the question as well – this is your opportunity to explain what you value in life.
Is your perfect moment the last time you leisurely read a book amid your hectic schedule? Or is it when you served a home-cooked meal to your overworked family? Is it the moment before the first football game of the season when you are surrounded by your team?
A more sophisticated answer could include a discussion of "contentment" itself. You might contrast contentment with happiness, achievement or satisfaction. Make it clear that you understand the intent of the original question, but be explicit in why you consider contentment secondary to another state of being.
Questioning the question, when handled appropriately, can show that you are capable of higher-order reasoning. If it is done poorly, however, you risk seeming as if you avoided or misread the prompt.
• Pomona College: "What does freedom mean to you?"
Do not begin this essay with "According to the dictionary," under any circumstances. Admissions officers will likely receive hundreds of essays that begin this way. Remember that this essay is more about you than it is about freedom.
One approach is to share a story about a time when you simply felt free; consider contrasting it with a time you felt constrained. You might also discuss a time when you felt you were prevented from following your dreams by some sort of barrier, as well as what it would mean for you to transcend that barrier.
Better yet? Discuss how you plan to overcome the hurdles you have faced.
A riskier approach to this question would be to address the importance of freedom as a concept. It is perhaps impossible to find an individual who would argue against freedom, so you would need to find an unusual angle from which to approach the topic. As an example, you could reference this quotation by Thomas Jefferson: "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants."
Are freedom and liberty the same idea? Is metaphorical blood acceptable, or must it be literal? Ensure you explicitly state why this conversation is important to you.
• United States Naval Academy: "Describe a personal experience you have had which you feel has contributed to your own character development and integrity."
In this case, the weakest answer would be to describe something you merely witnessed, such as a friend who was caught cheating on a test. A better answer would be to describe something you did that caused harm, followed by the lesson you learned as a result.
Do not merely point out that everyone makes mistakes – your reader knows this. Instead, demonstrate that you are capable of empathy by explaining how your actions made the other person feel, and subsequently, describing the lesson you learned.
It is possible, too, to answer this question with a time that you held to your convictions. What does it mean that you lost a friend because you refused to help him or her in a lie?
Remember, every essay is a chance to show an admissions committee exactly who you are.